Let's learn the Greek alphabet!

Alphabets are scary things — when you understand an alphabet, you are sufficiently equipped to intuit many things about the text written in it, even if you don’t actually know a word of that language. However, when you don’t understand the alphabet, you find yourself saying, “It’s all Greek to me!”

Knowledge is power, so erase the mystery

Growing up in the United States, I was surrounded with anti-Russian propaganda. Movies and pictures in Russia were scary, filled with strange writing and ominous architecture. But with a little study of history, a big building with a fancy dome has stopped being an ominous building, and is now recognized as a church. And since learning the Russian language, what once used to be scary, strange writing is now easily recognized as a boring old pharmacy, or a restaurant.

Fortunately, we Americans were never sold any propaganda making Greece a scary place, but it’s still a mystery. Just like Russian, the Greek language also has a strange alphabet with weird characters, and when I see something written in Greek, I haven’t a clue what it says.

Now I don’t know a single word of Greek, and I am not in any hurry to learn any. However, the English language (like most modern languages) has a lot of its roots in Greek, so sometimes a little intuition might be all a person needs in order to understand a little bit here and there.

Of course for that to work, you need to know how to read.

The Greek alphabet

Okay, some of these are a little easier for me since they resemble the Cyrillic characters of Russian. But none of this is difficult. In fact, after you read your first words, you’ll be hooked. And if you practice it just a few times, it will be enough that you’ll never forget it.

Αα
the /a/ sound in father
Ββ
the /v/ sound in voice
Γγ
the /g/ sound in goal
Δδ
a /zd/ like the th sound in other
Εε
the /eh/ sound in wet
Ζζ
the /z/ sound in zoo
Ηη
the /ee/ sound in meet
Θθ
the /th/ sound in thing
Ιι
the /ee/ sound in feet
Κκ
the /k/ sound in make
Λλ
the palatalized /l/ sound like the li in portfolio
Μμ
the /m/ sound in man
Νν
the /n/ sound in no
Ξξ
the /ks/ sound made by the x in exorcist
Οο
the /o/ sound in oats
Ππ
the /p/ sound in paint
Ρρ
the rolled /r/ sound like the Spanish name roberto
Σσς
the /s/ sound in sea
Ττ
the /t/ sound in top
Υυ
the /ee/ in see
Φφ
the /f/ in fate
Χχ
the /kh/ sound made by the ch in channukah
Ψψ
the /ps/ sound as in collapse
Ωω
the /aw/ sound of the o in long

So that’s it. Pretty easy, just 24 letters, and all easy enough to reproduce. Only the rolled /r/ and the palatalized /l/ are strange to an English speaker, but they are both well represented in other common languages of the world.

Take note that this is a rough estimation based on a handful of instructional videos I watched on YouTube. There are a few different pronunciations, which appear to differentiate between ancient Greek and modern Greek, and possibly regions, too. We’re just learning the alphabet here, not studying the modern day colloquial Greek spoken by youth in Athens… so getting it absolutely right isn’t extremely important. The goal is just to be able to read.

A hard /b/ sound appears to be missing, but it’s actually not. Greeks form this sound by combining the /m/ and /p/ as μπ. For example, the word μπλογκ (blog). Looking at the end of that word makes me believe that the /g/ and /k/ combination (γκ) might be common too, but I didn’t find that specified in any of the materials I checked before writing this.

So, now that you know how to read…

Once you’ve learned the sounds each letter makes, you can read Greek. Most of the time you’re not going to know what a word means just because you can read it, but often you’ll be able to make out enough of what you read in order to form an idea of at least the subject.

But let’s take a look at some words you already know! Yes, that’s right, you already speak Greek. Below are a few Greek words that you already know. If you hover your mouse over them, you’ll see the English translation:

Were you surprised and excited when you sounded out the word and then found out you were right? Learning a new alphabet is fun! It’s also empowering, because (as I said above) you can start to make some sense out of the things you see, even without knowing any of the language. And if you’ve learned some Esperanto, you’ll be surprised to find you understand even more of what you read in Greek.

Well, that’s it. Congratulations! Now go tell all your friends that you can read Greek.

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  • http://molista.blogspot.com/ Glavkos

    As I said before , I am impressed by the way you can switch from Italian to Russian, and from Turkish to Greek …..

    It is not true that you don't know a single word in Greek , because the English vocabulary has hundreds of it . Just check medical vocabulary….

    Actually, today we use a monotonic alphabet , but until 1975 Greek had to be written in polytonic alphabet (those who studied Ancient Greek know what I am talking about), which is more complex.

    But, as I have argued on my blog , the better way to start with Greek is to learn Modern Greek …So monotonic is enough for a start…
    Greek alphabet came out of Phoenicians …So do not blame us for its complexity. Actually Greeks simlified the Phoenician script . Check here to see what I mean
    http://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abecedarium_Graecu…

  • Peter

    Called it!

    I was actually hinting at Hebrew, but Greek is good enough. I think you should do this every weekend for a month or so. You could learn the Hebrew, Devanagari, Korean, and Japanese alphabets (there must be a few I'm forgetting), and by the end, you would be unstoppable!

  • http://www.fluenteveryyear.com/ Randy (@Yearlyglot)

    My self-imposed “rule” is that I stick to Italian Monday through Friday, but allow myself to stray on the weekend. :)

    And you're right, any English speaker knows many Greek words just by default. In fact, many other people do too, as the Greek language has influenced many of the languages of the modern world.

    My point was not that I don't know any Greek, but that I couldn't look at a single line of Greek text and recognize anything. However, after simply learning the alphabet, I am now capable of understanding quite a bit!

  • http://www.fluenteveryyear.com/ Randy (@Yearlyglot)

    And then there would be none left and I'd lose a few readers. :)

    I can't do it every weekend, but I can see doing it maybe once or twice per month. Hebrew and Devanagari sound fun. Korean, sure why not? Japanese is scary! I think that still leaves Urdu, Thai, Amharic, and Bassa, and then I start drawing a blank.

    I don't know how useful it would be to read in all of those languages, but it might be fun to learn. And you're right, that alone would give me powers of invincibility! :)

  • Peter

    Well, I think Hebrew would be the most interesting, but that's just me. I don't know much about Japanese, but Thai would give you a run for your money. You might have to devote a whole month to Thai haha.

  • jom139

    Hey there,

    I manage the blogs for Transparent Language and we're looking to add a new blogger who can cover the basic and intermediate levels for a new language. What do you think of writing about Greek, Thai, Farsi, and/or Pashto? Shoot me an email at jmartin@transparent.com to discuss some details. (We compensate).

    That aside, I'm impressed so far by your passion for learning new language from start to finish. Keep up the good work!

  • Christian13mattson

    THE RABBITS ARE TAKING OVER THE WORLD…………. Thank you for listening

  • Christian13mattson

    THE RABBITS ARE TAKING OVER THE WORLD…………. Thank you for listening

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